Why XML and JSON Require Structural Mapping
JSON and XML represent structured data using fundamentally different paradigms. JSON is based on key-value dictionaries and ordered lists with native primitive types (numbers, booleans, null, strings). XML is a hierarchical document markup tree where elements possess tag names, attributes, child elements, and mixed text content. Converting between them requires conventions for mapping attributes (e.g. @id="123"), element text (#text), and repeated sibling tags into native arrays.